Iliad 9.1-8
海草Roccella tinctoria
φῦκος seaweed
希臘文本引用出處:
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0133%3Abook%3D9%3Acard%3D1
ὣς οἱ μὲν Τρῶες
φυλακὰς ἔχον: αὐτὰρ Ἀχαιοὺς
θεσπεσίη ἔχε φύζα
φόβου κρυόεντος ἑταίρη,
πένθεϊ δ᾽ ἀτλήτῳ
βεβολήατο πάντες ἄριστοι.
ὡς δ᾽ ἄνεμοι δύο
πόντον ὀρίνετον ἰχθυόεντα
Βορέης καὶ
Ζέφυρος, τώ τε Θρῄκηθεν ἄητον
ἐλθόντ᾽ ἐξαπίνης:
ἄμυδις δέ τε κῦμα κελαινὸν
κορθύεται, πολλὸν
δὲ παρὲξ ἅλα φῦκος ἔχευεν:
ὣς ἐδαΐζετο θυμὸς
ἐνὶ στήθεσσιν Ἀχαιῶν.
英文翻譯引用出處: http://records.viu.ca/~johnstoi/homer/iliad9.htm
Meanwhile, as the Trojans
maintained their careful watch,
Panic, chilling Fear’s dread comrade, gripped Achaeans,
their best men suffering unendurable anguish.
Just like those times two winds blow in from Thrace—
North Wind and West Wind suddenly spring up
and lash the fish-filled seas—black waves at once rise up,
then fling seaweed in piles along the shoreline—
so spirits in Achaean chests were now cast down.
Panic, chilling Fear’s dread comrade, gripped Achaeans,
their best men suffering unendurable anguish.
Just like those times two winds blow in from Thrace—
North Wind and West Wind suddenly spring up
and lash the fish-filled seas—black waves at once rise up,
then fling seaweed in piles along the shoreline—
so spirits in Achaean chests were now cast down.
上一卷末尾是特洛伊人夜幕燈火通明,靜候隔日清晨再戰。換到希臘軍隊,最優秀的一群英雄(ἄριστοι)敗戰之餘,居然驚惶失措,這兒用一個有趣的比喻,希臘人心惶惶,恰似北風與西風襲打大海,顫動的軍團,一如海草在狂風中飄動。今晚,特洛伊的寂靜和希臘焦躁不安形成強烈對比。
從Thrace吹來的北風與西風,說明特洛伊的位置是小亞細亞的西岸,和一般推論土耳其附近的點相符。
下面圖片出處: http://www.nrm.se/forskningochsamlingar/forskningsnyheter/forskningsnyheter2012/lavhjalptealzheimersforskare.16497.html
維基百科基本資料: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roccella_tinctoria
Roccella tinctoria is a species of
fungus in the genus Roccella, homotypic synonym of Lecanora tinctoria (DC.)
Czerwiak., 1849. It was first described by Augustin Pyramus de Candolle in
1805. It has the following varieties:
R. t. var. portentosa
R. t. var. subpodicellata
R. t. var. tinctoria
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