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Thyme 麝香草 百里香
Thymbra capitata
Iliad 7.1-7
ὣς εἰπὼν πυλέων ἐξέσσυτο φαίδιμος Ἕκτωρ,
τῷ δ᾽ ἅμ᾽ Ἀλέξανδρος κί᾽ ἀδελφεός: ἐν δ᾽ ἄρα θυμῷ
ἀμφότεροι μέμασαν πολεμίζειν ἠδὲ μάχεσθαι.
ὡς δὲ θεὸς ναύτῃσιν ἐελδομένοισιν ἔδωκεν
οὖρον, ἐπεί κε κάμωσιν ἐϋξέστῃς ἐλάτῃσι
πόντον ἐλαύνοντες, καμάτῳ δ᾽ ὑπὸ
γυῖα λέλυνται,
ὣς ἄρα τὼ Τρώεσσιν ἐελδομένοισι φανήτην.
So saying, glorious Hector rushed from the gates, and with him went his
brother Alexander; and in their hearts both were eager for war and battle. And as
a god gives to longing seamen a fair wind when they have grown weary of driving
the sea with polished
oars of fir, and with weariness are their limbs loosened, so
appeared these two to the longing Trojans.
l Hector和Paris (Alexander)的出現，一心一意要爭戰，然而其他人則已經疲倦不堪。一個常見的比喻，把一群人比喻成一船人，特洛伊軍隊像吹了海風的船員(ναύτης)，累了。
l 在這比喻中，提到船員使用的木槳光滑[εὔξεστος well-polished]，只是這木槳的材質是甚麼呢?依照LSJ的字典解說，可能是希臘杉(ἐλάτη, silver fir, Abies cephalonica)。但是，希臘文的ἐλάτη也指松木製作的槳。在LSJ也提到ἐλάτη另一層意義，一種很像希臘杉木的海草(sea-weed supposed to
resemble the fir, Cystoseira Abies-marina)。
l μέμαα: to wish eagerly, strive, yearn, desire
l ἔλδομαι wish, long
l πολεμίζω: wage war, fight
l πυλεών wreath
l ἐκσεύομαι rush out
l φαίδιμος shining, radiant, glistening
l οὖρος fair wind
l εὔξεστος well-polished
l ἐλάτη silver fir, Abies cephalonica
l θυμῷ 這兒應該是指士氣，心情等概念。若是從θύμον衍生的字，意義則大不相同，是常見的植物麝香草(thyme，或翻譯成百里香)。
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Θύμον
1.thyme, Ar., etc. 2.a mixture of thyme with honey and vinegar, id=Ar. deriv.
uncertain; A.“θύμω” Pherecr.167: pl., “θύμα” Eup.14.5, Antiph.179.4: gen.
“θύμων” Ar.Pl.283; “θυμέων” AP9.226.2 (Zonas):—also θύμος , ὁ, Dsc.3.36:— Cretan thyme,
Thymbra
capitata, ll.cc., Hp.Vict.2.54, al.; “τὸ μύρον φάσκειν οὐδὲν τοῦ
θ. ἥδιον ὄζειν” Thphr.Char.4.1. b. a marine plant, Id.HP4.7.2. 2. mixture of
thyme with honey and vinegar, eaten by the poor of Attica, Ar.Pl.253, cf.
283, Antiph.226.7, Luc.Fug.14, Hsch.
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